A Study On The Scavenger Hunt Activity - 844 Words

Aloha! The appellation given to me is â€Å"Donald William Chang† but please call me Dach for short!†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨My intended area of study for business would be in entrepreneurship, e-commerce, leadership, and business law, ethics, policy, strategy, society. The Scavenger Hunt activity gave me a hands-on opportunity to navigate the online campus in order to locate and remember where important learning and informational resources were located. It also demonstrated to me how the process could actually be fun and engaging at the same time.†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨OK! Now onto the nitty gritty!†¨ 1. The role of higher education today, in my opinion, should be cultivate, and encourage individuals in their pursuit of self discovery and in exploring areas of life that they’re passionate about.†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨2. Yes, the mission of modern universities and colleges has changed. These institutions used to ensure their students where equipped with the skills necessary to become self sufficient, critically thinking, educated, and contributing citizens of society. Nowadays universities and colleges, in general, teach individuals how to work for a company or corporation in order to make a living. 3. Student profiles have indeed changed by becoming more diversified, especially in terms of student age. Take a brief look at yearbooks and profiles from even just eleven years ago, and compare them to their 2016 counterparts. I have noticed many older students pursuing a higher education for themselves, whereas before it was mainly youngShow MoreRelatedAssessing Your Personal Risk Case Study1103 Words   |  5 PagesAssessing Your Personal Risk 1. Reflect on the past year. List 15 risky behaviors or activities that you participated in. 2. Using your best judgement, select the top five risky behaviors and list them on the chart. 3. Evaluate each behavior in regard to self, others, property, the law, and judgement. Give yourself a total score for each risky behavior. Top Five Risky Behaviors Danger to Self Danger to Others Danger to Property Illegal Poor Judgement Total 1. 2. Read MoreScavengerhunt1082 Words   |  5 PagesName Instructor Class Online Catalog Search Activity *Assignment can be adapted for iPad use. Use the ECPI Catalog available found here: http://www.ecpi.edu/assets/uploads/2012/03/ ECPI_University_Catalog.pdf . It is the newest edition. Answer the following questions found within the ECPI University Catalog. Instructions (These should be posted under the document upload activity in Moodle): Upload completed assignment here. Copy and paste each question into a Word document and respondRead MoreEssay on Scavenger Hunt1183 Words   |  5 Pagesbe posted under the document upload activity in Moodle): Upload completed assignment here. Copy and paste each question into a Word document and respond beneath each question in full sentences. Answer each question in your own words (do not copy and paste). Provide the page number on which the information is found. Save the document as first name, last initial_scavengerhunt. Example: CrystalE_Scavengerhunt. If you have questions, please ask. Scavenger Hunt Questions University 1. Who isRead MoreThe Use of Online Games within the Classroom Essay1099 Words   |  5 Pagesquantitative and one qualitative, on studies on gamification within a course. The qualitative article looks at a one week exercise where the students did a scavenger hunt like activity was designed to get the students better acclimated with course content and hopefully garner a real world or practical application of it. The quanitative article looks at a game designed to get students a better understanding of a specific economic theory. Despite neither of these studies having anything to do with writingRead MorePuzzles And The Link Problem Solving Skills1109 Words   |  5 Pages how do people develop this ability? Specifically, can the use of puzzles be an effective aid for developing problem-solving skills? If so, how easily can the new or improved skill set learned by using puzzles as a tool translate to day-to-day activities? Based on the definition in the third edition of the o n-line Oxford English Dictionary, a puzzle is â€Å"a game, toy, or problem designed to test ingenuity or knowledge.† This research will look at the use of different puzzles and find out if theseRead MoreA Short Description Of The Type Of Classroom1643 Words   |  7 Pages1. Write an introductory paragraph with a short description of the type of classroom, number of students, types of disabilities, and number of adults. a. For this assignment, I observed an early kids Bible study program at a local church. 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Recent incidents have been documented in marching bands, religious cults, and other types of clubs. Reports of hazing activities in high schools are on the rise. Hazing is considered to be: physically abusive, hazardous, and/or sexually violating. While alcohol abuse is common in many types of hazing, there are other abusive techniques such as: yelling, swearing and insultingRead MoreThe Ruth Lilly Medical Library997 Words   |  4 Pagesits own online library newsletter and also sends announcements to the IUSM student-run online newsletter. Additionally the library actively uses social media (Facebook and Twitter) to post announcements, highlight resources, and promote events and activities to users. The library recently purchased its own electronic sign, located across from the circulation desk, and is similarly able to post various announcements to users who may not visit our social media pages. Furthermore, the library is able t oRead Moredoc700 r1 research resources scavenger hunt For Chris Laitinen WK1885 Words   |  4 PagesResearch Resources Scavenger Hunt Visit the University of Phoenix Research Hub at http://research.phoenix.edu. Answer the following questions by exploring the Research Hub and its resources. 1. Name the nine University of Phoenix Research Centers. A. Center for Global Business Research B. Center for Management and Entrepreneurship C. Center for Workplace Diversity Research D. Center for Educational and Instructional Technology Research E. Center for Leadership Studies and Educational

Psy 1010 Free Essays

Psy 110, portions chap 5, 6 7M. Dwyer Fall 2009/ Exam #3 Chapter 5 1. What are the four kinds of reinforcers mentioned in your book? Define them and be prepared to give an example of each. We will write a custom essay sample on Psy 1010 or any similar topic only for you Order Now POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT IS INFORCE A STIMULI NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT IS TO REMOVE A STIMULI POSITIVE PUNISHMENT IS WHEN A TARGITED BEHAVIOUR IS REMOVED BY PRESENTING A STIMULAS shouting at the dog NEGATIVE PUNISHMENT IS WHEN TARGET BEHAVIOUR BY REMOVING A STIMULAS toy removal 2. What are the four schedules of partial reinforcement we discussed? Which produces the highest rate of responding and the most resistance to extinction and why? FIXED INTERVAL reward every 5 mins FIXED RATIO reward every 5 responses VARIABLE INTERVAL an avg. every 3 mins and varied VARIABLE RATIO an avg. every 5 behaviours 3. What is the significance of latent learning and observational learning? How did discovery of these two important types of learning change our definition of psychology? OBERVATIONAL LEARNING learning by looking at others by observing LETENT LEARNING learning that is not directly observable 4. Define conditioned taste aversion, instinctual drift, subliminal learning, discovery learning, direct instruction, learning styles. TASTE AVERSION it is when we recognize a taste and in the future we try to avoid it due to its effect to us INSTINCTUAL DRIFT is the tendency of an organism to revert to instinctive behaviors that can interfere with the conditioned response SUBLIMINAL LEARNING sub means below and luminal light it is the theory that states that a person can learn even with little information which if is continuously repeated DISCOVERY LEARNING is when we learn after experiencing something for our self DIRECT INSTRUCTION learning through given instruction e. g. ectures not experiments LERNING STYLE it the type of style that best fits a individual Chapter 6 5. When we have a memory of an event it is a reconstruction of the event. Explain what that means. What information goes into our reconstructions of the past? Previous info Trace memories of the event Past experiences Context of the person asking the question 6. What are the functions, span(capacity), and duration of each of the three types of memory processes? Sensory memory Short term memory Long term memory 7. What happens in sensory store? What does it mean when we say that these processes are preattentive? PREATTENTIVE –SO FAST WE DON’T KNOW WE ARE DOING IT IMAGE IS CREATEDLD WE SCAN IMAGE AND PICK UP INFORMATION THAT WE WANT FOR FURTHER ANALYSIS 8. The three types of processes that go on in short term memory (working memory) are.. I listed them .. beginning with the match-mismatch identification of incoming information, maintenance rehearsal and elaborative rehearsal—be able to give a number of examples of the latter†¦ GATHER INFO REHERCE INFO REHERCE IT TILL IT IS STORED IN LONG TERM MEMORY 9. What are proactive and retroactive interference? Be able to give examples. RETRO ACTIVE ability to recall something that you have learned in the past after lerning something new PROACTIVE ability to learn second lesson after learning the both lessons 10. Be able to name and give examples of all the different types of long term memory. SEMANTIC OUR KNOWLOGE ABOUT FACTS FO THE WORLD EPISODIC RECOLLECTION OF EVENTS OF OUR LIVES EXPLICIT MEMORIES WE RECALL INTENTIONALLY AND WHICH WE HAVE CONSTANT AWARENESS IMPLICIT MEMORIES FOR HOW WE DO THINGS PROCEDURAL ABILITY TO IDENTIFY A STIMULAS MORE EASILY OR QUICKLY AFTER WE ENCOUNTER SIMILAR STIMULI 11. Define encoding, storage and retrieval. ENCODING IS THE PROCESS OF GETTING INFORMATION INTO OUR MEMORY BANKS STORING IS THE PROCES OF KEEPING INFORMATION IN OUR MEMORY REVIVAL IS THE REACTIVATION OR RECONSTRUCTION OF EVENTS FROM OUR MEMORY STORAGE 12. What are the different forms of retrieval? Be able to identify one of each in the items on your test.. RECALL – IF U TRULY LEARN IT RECOGNITION- MULTI CHOICE SKETCHY INDERSTANDING 13. What are the three ways in which the concept of â€Å"specificity of cues† apply to memory retrieval. RELEARN -REAQUIRING KNOWLOGE THAT WE PRVIOUSLY LEARNED BUT FORGOTTEN OVER TIME RECALL-GENERATING PREVIOUSLY GENERATED INFORMATION RECOGNISATION- SELECTIONG INFO FROM ARRY OF INFO THAT WE HAVE PREVIOUSLY LEARNED 14. What do we mean by levels of processing? MARE DEEP REPETITION PROCESS MARE BRAIN MARE 15. What are semantic networks, lexicons, and schemas? (define them). 16. Name five study tips that would improve student test performance. 20 MIN BREAK LONG TERM NO CRAMMING SAME STATE SIT IN SAM SEAT 17. How do we distinguish between false memories or true memories? MORE REHERSAL CONSIDER THE PROBE DISTINCT BW BIAS Chapter 7: 18. What is language? Define it and be able to discuss its basic components. PATTERN OF SIGNALS GENERATIVE AND IS COMPLECATED SYMBOLS WORDS GESTURES RULE BOUND ENCODING AND DECODING IT IS ARBITUARY 19. What are the early stages of language development? The early stages comprise of babbling in children where they utter parts of words which they cannot pronounce but as the early stages pass gradually the child starts to utter words in a more meaning full pattern and the later on in life they interpret words give them meanings this type of behavior is coved in behaviorism where learning is done by observing. 0. Define phonemes, morphemes, babbling, syntax (Of surface and prescriptive grammar, which of these two is taught to us by our elementary and high school teachers? ) Phonemes is the smallest unit of sound Morphemes are composed of phonemes and a number of them to create meaning Babbling is the experimentation of noise making by the child trying to speak making vovel sound 21. Familiarize yourself with a nd be able to critiques the four theories of language development covered in your book. How to cite Psy 1010, Essay examples

Memorable and significant Essay Example For Students

Memorable and significant Essay There are many ways in which Steinbeck displays Curley’s wife in a way that makes her an unforgettable and an important character. The first time she appears in the novel is when Lennie and George arrive at the ranch and she steps in. She is described as a good-looking lady who wears quite a bit of makeup wearing a dress; she wears clothes that you wouldn’t usually see a woman in the ranch dress like. The way she interacts with the men is different to how you would normal as she’s very provocative and flirtatious. She does this by coming up to the ranchmen showing off her figure or by saying flirty sayings like, ‘nobody don’t blame a person for lookin’’ But the reason she tries to do this all is because she is lonely and sad. In a male orientated world, b only woman in the ranch, she has no friends to talk so the only way she can get some sort of attention is by flirting. This way she would at least be looked at from the other ranch men. We never find out the name of Curley’s wife’s name so throughout the novel she is referred to as ‘Curley’s wife’. This clearly shows how she is a property of Curley as we never know her name and he is very possessive over her as he’s always looking for her and she’s under her command. The men also see her in that way because they always turn away or avoid her because as she’s his possession if he finds out that the men have done anything to her. They would possibly be sacked; this leads onto the Great Depression, due to the Great Depression there were not many jobs available around America. So the men were desperate to get a job in order to get the main facilities like food and shelter. The ranch they were at meant that they couldn’t say a word wrong or else they’d be sacked as the boss has plenty of other men to choose from, this is why the ranchmen try to avoid her as they could potentially lose their job if they get themselves into a mess. She is expected to do everything Curley tells her to do, for example he makes it clear that she should stay at home and she fears him. At one point of the story, she find out that Curley is going into the house and she rushes home before he find out that she was not there. She is scared that he would physically torture her. Curley has a glove full of Vaseline showing that he torments her and physically abuses her but using the Vaseline would be she would be left with bruises.

Soft drinks supply chain Essay Example

Soft drinks supply chain Paper At present time though, changes have already been made in the aforementioned Candler’s formula including. With corn syrup now used as a sweetener instead of sugar, its packaging also evolved with the changing demands of the consumers. Today, far from the original sodas of the drug store’s soda fountains, carbonated soft drinks are packaged for sale in various containers, such as aluminum or tin cans, plastic bottles, and glass bottles. The company also released a ‘New Coke’ formula on April 23, 1985, but it did not do well to those accustomed to the old Coca-Cola flavor so the old formula was reinstated. Coca-Cola’s success and popularity can be attributed to Asa Candler’s aggressive marketing of Coca-Cola. Together with Coca-Cola’s success, the demand for syrup sales increased. The company sells syrup to independent bottling companies which have been given license to sell the soft drink. Nowadays, Coca-Cola soft drinks that are being consumed each day rise up to 9 digit figures (Bellis, 2007). Pepsi-Cola In 1898, Caleb Bradham, a pharmacist in North Carolina, had a soda fountain in his drugstore. This is where he served his customers refreshing drinks: carbonated water mixed with medicinal and flavorful ingredients which he himself chose. What he termed as ‘Brad’s drink’ became his infamous drink in his soda fountain. The ingredients of the said drink were sugar, carbonated water, rare oils, pepsin, cola nuts and vanilla. He created the drink back in 1893 (Bellis, 2007). This particular concoction is to become ‘Pepsi Cola’ in 1898. It was renamed after the key ingredients, pepsin and cola nuts. In that same year, Bradham purchased from a competitor that went bankrupt the trade name ‘Pep Cola’ at the price of 100 US dollars. In June of 1903, the name Pepsi Cola was first introduced and trademarked. We will write a custom essay sample on Soft drinks supply chain specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Soft drinks supply chain specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Soft drinks supply chain specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It was Bradham’s neighbor who took the job of designing the first ever logo of Pepsi Cola. Business was successful until he gambled on the fluctuations of sugar prices during World War I resulting in the bankrupt of Pepsi Cola in 1923. The year 1931 saw to the transfer of Pepsi Cola ownership to the ‘Loft Candy Company’. The then company president Charles G. Guth changed the Pepsi Cola formula. However, this change made it difficult for Guth to make Pepsi Cola a winner in the industry so he resorted to selling Pepsi Cola to the Coca-Cola Company, but to no avail. 1940 saw to the creation of Pepsi Cola history because it was at that time when the first commercial jingle, entitled ‘Nickel Nickel’, was made and aired throughout the United States of America (Bellis, 2007). Like its competitor, Coca-Cola, changes were introduced in Pepsi Cola. In 1964, ‘Diet Pepsi’ was offered in the market. For over two hundred years, the art of producing carbonated beverages has developed resulting in its various forms that were intended to respond to the needs of its customers. Through its evolution, it has covered various economies of the nation’s industries as key sources of materials and services in the manufacturing of soft drinks. This meant that as the soft drink industry grew, the other industries in the soft drink supply chain grew as well. These industries in the supply chain are the manufacturers of artificial sweetening agent, edible acids, natural or artificial flavors, and other key ingredients that the industry needs in its manufacture of soft drinks. Machinery and packaging services also benefited from the soft drink industry’s success. In the face of the challenges of conforming to the ever changing needs of the customers throughout its history, the soft drink industry have introduced different packagings, from glass bottles with corresponding cork crowns, soft drink cartons called ‘Hom-Paks’ in the 1920’s, aluminum cans, plastic bottles and today, the use of PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) bottles. Also together with these changes, the manufacturers of soft drinks amended their syrup mixture to surmount the rising cost of its key materials. Major changes were made on its sweetening agents to counter the rising cost of sugar and to conform to consumer’s approval. From Saccharin to Nutra-Sweet, now corn syrup replaced sugar as an ingredient to soft drinks.

Cars enslave us rather than liberate us. Do you agree essays

Cars enslave us rather than liberate us. Do you agree essays Cars have been in use since the year 1870. Since then their number on the roads has increased many times over. They also went through a lot of changes, both on the outside as well as on the inside. Cars seem to have made our live easier, more convenient. Nevertheless in my opinion more cars give us much more problems than they solve. The first problem is money. You have to earn a considerable amount of money to be able to afford one. The prices of new cars are so high that you usually need to take a credit to buy one. The subsequent costs of insurance, tax and repairs also tend to be quite expensive. This leads to another problem, meaning car theft. This is a serious threat to consider as it is not uncommon that cars are stolen. You can try to protect you car by installing car alarms or buying a place in a guarded parking lot. Unfortunately such solutions generate more costs and make having a car even more expensive. Last but not least there are problems connected with society. The large amount of cars has led to an increase of noise levels in city areas and along main road routs. It has also lead to a decrease of air quality in previously mentioned areas. This makes life more and more difficult in large city areas as people become ill from breathing toxic fumes or from noise and large amount of stress caused by traveling in heavy traffic. In contrast it must be admitted that cars make certain things easier for us. For example we can get from on place to another without having to wait for a bus or a train and you can get straight to the derided spot not only to the bus stop or a station. To conclude, cars help us a lot but enslave us even more. It is time to think what can be done to lessen the cars bad influence on our lives. Or are we too used to our present lives to look for alternatives for cars? ...

10 Success Lessons from Successful People

10 Success Lessons from Successful People We all have a different definition of success. Some people define success by having a loyal family and children. But most of the world would identify it as achieving power and wealth. Here are some tips from successful people, you can use in college, future career and personal life. If You Want to Learn Something – Just Do It. â€Å"The best way of learning about anything is by doing.† Richard Branson Richard Branson is a very successful English businessman, whos inspiring a lot of young people to start their own business and stop being afraid of doing something new! Richard can give us valuable advice – you cant learn about anything without actually doing it. You can read a lot of books on how to ride a bike, but unless you start riding it, you wont be able to know how to do it well. Develop Yourself â€Å"If I really want to improve my situation, I can work on the one thing over which I have control myself.† Stephen R. Covey How can people control others without knowing how to control themselves? If you want to be successful and improve some things around you – start with yourself. Every person should improve themselves before trying to influence the others. Very often it becomes the hardest thing to do. Everybody can see mistakes in others, but when it comes to yourself – its hard to notice anything wrong. Be Persistent I have not failed. Ive just found 10,000 ways that wont work. - Thomas A. Edison Thomas Edison is one of the most successful American inventors. If his new invention didnt work right away, Edison started trying so many times, until it worked. Simple as that. You shouldnt give up as soon as something doesnt go your way. Edisons key to success is to be persistent and confident. Eventually, youll be able to achieve great results. Many people give up without understanding that next try could be successful. Love What You Do â€Å"The only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking. Don’t settle. As with all matters of the heart, you’ll know when you find it. † Steve Jobs Many people settle on their lousy jobs and work until retirement. It is not necessary! Everyone has a thing they love to do. It can be programming, singing or writing, it doesnt really matter. Your work will be truly successful only if youre passionate about it. Start chasing your dreams, try different jobs. If youre young, you have a lot of possibilities to choose from. Steve Jobs doesnt want you to settle until youre sure its what you want to do! Work Hard â€Å"There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure.† – Colin Powell Colin Powell is right. You may think there are some secrets to success you dont know. Or that you have to be talented in one area to achieve wonderful results. To be honest, it is result from very hard work and learning from failure. It is important to learn from mistakes to not let them happen again. Before you start doing something, you need to prepare, research and work as long as it takes. Dont Procrastinate â€Å"Procrastination is one of the most common and deadliest of diseases and its toll on success and happiness is heavy.† Wayne Gretzky No more â€Å"Ill start on Monday/tomorrow/next month/year† words! Its now or never. We all know what it is to be a procrastinator. You just cant do anything, you want deadline extension, even if it takes less than an hour to do something. Stop looking for excuses! Successful people dont procrastinate. This is their key to success. Be Passionate Stop chasing the money and start chasing the passion. Tony Hsieh Weve all heard about Zappos – a company with the happiest employees. Tony Hsieh realized that he didnt have to chase the money. He should find his passion and go for it! If you manage to find that passion, youll see it can bring money as well. Tony used to spend days, not even hours at work, because he loved it! If youre not ready to devote most of your time and energy on your work, maybe its not for you. Choose Wisely â€Å"It is our choices, that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities.† J. K Rowling You may have some great abilities and talents. But the most important thing is what you do with those abilities. You need to make a lot of choices in your career and they define who you really are. So make sure they are the right ones. Dont let others influence your choices and stay true to your principles. Revenge Your Enemies by Being Successful The best revenge is massive success. Frank Sinatra Be ready to hear a lot of meaningless critics. But listen to Sinatras words – the best revenge is to show all these people how successful you are. There is no need to worry about someones mean words. All you should do is forget about the bullies and show the world youre better than them. Stay Focused The successful warrior is the average man, with laser-like focus.† – Bruce Lee Bruce Lee was a wise man, who thought it was important to stay focused all the time. You should think only about things, which matter and ignore all the distractions. There are some long-term goals you should think about, so be focused on them. Decide whats important to you and motivate yourself to reach all your goals. You wont find some extraordinary secrets to success. The most important part is to work hard, believe in your dream, be persistent and dont listen to meaningless critics. Be confident and dont let others stop you. And always practice! Even the most talented people had to spend hours every day to become great. So get rid of procrastination and enjoy improving your skills! Any success tips you would like to share? Dont be shy! Go to the comments below!

Identify time management techniques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Identify time management techniques - Essay Example In addition, one needs to incorporate a motivational factors within the goal setting activity that would enable the generation of a rewards for fulfilling or accomplishing the goals that were set within the identified time frame. One affirms that by looking forward to availing of a benefit or reward, the achievement of goals are facilitated since one’s focus would be re-directed to the positive outcome, and not on the challenges that could be encountered on the way to attaining the identified goal. Another important aspect of goal setting and time management is learning the skill of prioritization. One’s score in this area is 24 out of 35 or 69%. Given a set of activities or endeavors, one must be able to identify and classify the tasks according to urgency: which needs to be done within the shortest possible time frame. As such, making a list of the activities for the day, or for the week, would assist in developing prioritization skills. Likewise, one must also recognize which tasks are more tedious and comprehensively encompassing in details. If there are endeavors that require much preparation and planning, the strategies for prioritization should include accurately identifying tasks in minute details, or broken down into sub-tasks, so that one would not perceive the activity as burdensome in holistic form. In addition, tasks that entail prior research, collection of data, or extensive studying could be scheduled intermittently, as one’s spare time would allo w. The third relevant aspect in time management is managing interruptions. The score generated in this area is 12 out of 20 or 60%. It could be deduced that there are more rooms for improvement in this aspect. One must be able to discern which types of interruptions prevent me from completing scheduled tasks or responsibilities in an effective manner according to prescribed time frame. The interruptions in one’s daily routine

Mechanical Properties of Loading Arm Research Paper

Mechanical Properties of Loading Arm - Research Paper Example The export of oil is one of the inherent activities that earn the country a revenue to maintain a good standard of living. However, the revenue delivered may not be optimum especially when considering the rate of wear and tear occuring in the loading arms. The signficance of including loading arm in this study is because it represent an equipment used in shipping oil the production process. This triggered the main objective of the study which was to study the spare part, packing, for its association to the worrying problem of leaking petrols at the ports. The accessment of the spare part provides possible solution because it gives more information about the various parts that susceptible to damage in the loading arm. Further, the background of the study resulted from the urge to reduce the delay problems caused by the probability of mechanical breakdowns occuring when loadin gas products at the ports. In case of gas products, the problem causes havoc at the ports since the customer h ave to be stopped from the moving, to assure them of safety transactions. The effect of the breakdown on the customers add to the weight of this study, which was to perfom experiment on the sealant (parking in the loading arm) and extract results useful in providing probable solutions. In order to achieve the objective of the study, the experiment involved the use of three instruments in studyign the spare part. The three instruments used included The CSM Tribometers, mechanical tensile testing machine and Differential scanning calorimetry.

Mary Shelleyss Frankenstein Essay Example for Free

Mary Shelleyss Frankenstein Essay He wishes he was dead, feels that the world is mocking him and that he is the only one, who is not loved and cared for in the entire world. He declares war against the species and especially the man who created him. This shows us, that Frankensteins monsters biggest wish really is to be accepted, and when denied this, he goes completly berserk, not wanting to face the facts that are being presented to him. We can also tell, that he has a lot of selfpity, and a great understanding of the unfairness of his situation. But the next day he goes back, because deep inside he still has hope, and he convinces himself, that last nights incident was just too much too early. When arriving at the cottage he discovers that the family has moved, and his last shred of hope disapprears, and he burns down the cottage, and heads for Genevi , to find his creator, so he can take revenge. He feels treated unfairly by Frankenstein, and calls him his cursed, cursed creator, but his need to find him is understandable. He wants to know where he comes from and he wants answers, which is a natural thing for any child, who is not in touch with its roots. On his way he saves a girl from drowning, but gets shot instead of being thanked, and this makes his feelings towards humans more intense. When in Genevi , he captures a young boy, who turns out to be Frankensteins son. He kills him and sets a young girl up for the murder. His reason for doing this is clear: he wants to inflict pain upon Frankenstein. His reason for setting the girl up for the murder is, in his own words, because he is forever robbed of what she could have given him, because of his cursed apperenace. But she gives him an idea. He wants Frankenstein to make him a bride, someone of his own species, as horrible and deformed as himself, so that he will have companionship, which is what he wants more than everything else. The main characteristic of Frankensteins creation, is the longing for acceptance and company, this we can tell by his approces to first his creator and later to other people, and the facts that he has feelings and intelligence. He wants nothing more than to live a normal life, and he curses his creator for making it impossible for him to do that. In the beginning he is not evil, he does not want to kill, but the actions of the humans around him, make him the monster that Frankenstein thought him to be. He feels that humans are the most decietful of species, because they build up your hopes, and tear them back down again. His hunger for revenge is born from the constant defeat he experiences from day to day and especially from the one person who is supposed to love him, his creator, who also denies him a mate. He carries a lot of frustration, that he needs to direct somewhere, and the choice falls upon Frankenstein, the first to ever betray him. Despite all of this, Frankensteins monster never gives really gives up his hope to find a place to belong. This comes to show in the way that he treats the girl he meets in the woods, Frankensteins son, and in the very end of the story, when Frankenstein himself dies. The monster begs for forgiveness and swears to kill himself. His will to live died with Frankenstein, his only connection to the human world, that he longed for so desperatly. Comparative analasys: Frankenstein and his creation are similar to each other in different aspects. Frankenstein has created a thing so dreadful, that no one will ever love it, and has in another sense already killed all the possible loved ones in his creations life. His monster, on the other hand, actually kills all the people Frankenstein holds most dear, continuing the evil circle. The monster runs away from people and hides in the mountans, so that he will not experience any more pain, whilst Frankenstein runs away from the monster and his thought and feelings about his creation, but they both end up being drawn to one another, and the thing that bonds them together. They are both, at some point, after revenge. The monster chases Frankenstein down to confront him and Frankenstein chases the monster, after it has killed his family. The hunter becomes the hunted. They both have big dreams, Frankenstein about creating life and his creation about living life, but none of these dreams ever come true for any of them. Sometimes it seems that Frankenstein and his monster are two halves of the same person, each half competing for the chance to be the ruler of the other half, or that the monster is the result of Frankensteins ego or conscience, that comes back to haunt him. They are forever bonded with each other, the bond of creator and creation, and Frankensteins unwillingness to accept this, leaves both mens lives ruined in the end. Themes of the text Invironment vs. heritage The question is very relevant for this story. This novel can be a great starting point, if you wish to discuss, if heritage or the invironment has the greatest inpact upon someone, who is new in this world. In this story, it is defienetly the invironment that has the greatest influence upon Frankensteins creature. You could say that everyone is born with the same basic needs. The need for love, companionship and a place to belong. Nobody is born evil, niether is the creature, despite the fact, that he is death brought back to life. He has the same needs as everybody else, but the constant rejections of his well-intended feelings and his failures, changes him into something he did not have to become, changes him into what everybody thinks that he is; a monster. In this case, the invironment has destroyed something potentially beautiful. Love and revenge: The story is based upon the topic of love and revenge, in all its different forms. The monster wants only to be loved and accepted in a society that rejects him because of his looks. This superficial society does not look beyond his scary appereance, and he swears that he will revenge himself, which he does to his fullest, killing everyone that Frankenstein holds dear. He claims to hate the human world at this point, but at the same time, he longs for it with an aching heart. Frankenstein never realises that his creation is more than a monster, and feels very little regret towards the treatment of it, he feels that it is more important to protect mankind against this threat than it is to take responsebility of his actions. He spends the rest of his life following the monster to the North Pole, where he dies on board a ship, never succeeding in revenging his loved ones. When the monster discoveres this, he gives up; his last connection to the world has dissappeared, and he begs for forgiveness, and swears to burn himself and all evidence of his existence. Frankenstein only felt love for his creation when it not yet excisted and was only in his mind. As soon as it came to life, he rejected it and never thought a kind thought about it again. The creation is here his opposite; he starts off only wanting to love, later wanting revenge, but with the hope of recieving love still deeply a part of his nature. The modern Prometheus Mary Shelley subtitles her novel, The modern Prometheus. Prometheus, an ancient Greek, stole fire from the gods, to give to the humans. As punishment for his undoing, he was chaining to a rock, and everyday a bird-of-prey would come and eat his liver, which would then grow back. Mary Shelley did not chose this subtitle for no reason. It most certainly relates to Victor Frankenstein and his creation. Victor stole a power from God, the power to create life, and he is severly punished for this. His horrible creation comes back to haunt both his mind and his psysical being every day for the rest of his life. Victors gift to the world causes death, and the same does Prometheus. Though both men meant well, their interference with forces beyond their power, brings only death and destruction, especially for the two men themselves. Perspective to the period: The novel was written during an early phase of the Industrial Revolution, at a time of dramatic advances in science and technology. The fact that the creation rebels against its creator, can be a warning from Mary Shelley, that science can lead to terrible consequences, if you do not take responsebility for your actions. This was a time, where young scientist felt, that the world was at their feet and that they had endless possibilities, and experiments to try and revive dead bodies did indeed take place when Mary grew up, and has most likely inspired her to write the story. This was also a time, were people were both facinated and scared by the new science of electricity, and Mary chose to include both this science and the science of chemistry, which was of high interest to the generel public and to herself, in her book. Mary Shelley wrote her novel not long after the gothic novels heyday in the 1790s, and there was definitely a market for these kind of stories. It is hard to make a final conclusion of this book. There are so many topics and themes, questions and feelings to discuss, that it would take forever to get through them all, which makes this book more than just a horror story meant to frighten you. This is a novel of great seriousness, and you instantly get caught in the whirlwind of emotions, that Frankenstein and his creation both have. Mary Shelley tries in her book, to dissect the human nature, while telling a captivating tale of two mens journey through life, and the terrible things humans can do to one another. Rikke Juelsgaard Petersen Til d. 25, september 07 Engelsk aflevering EG, 2e 1 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.

The Franciscan Complex :: Essays Papers

The Franciscan Complex Introduction The Franciscan Terrane of central California represents an accretionary complex formed by long-term subduction of an oceanic plate under the Western margin of the North American craton. The Franciscan complex is composed of three distinguishable belts: the eastern belt (Yolla Bolly and Pickett Peak terranes), the central belt, and the coastal belt. Age and metamorphic grade of the belts decreases to the west (Blake and Jones, 1981). Formation of the accretionary complex began during the late Jurassic in the eastern belt and has continued into the Miocene along the western coastal belt. The complex trends NNW and is bounded by the San Andreas Fault to the east and by the coastal range fault to the west. The coast range fault separates the Franciscan complex with the partly coeval Great Valley sequence. Debate exists over the tectonic evolution of the Franciscan, centered around the geographic origin of the Franciscan rock units. Characterization of the Three Belts The coastal belt of the Franciscan Complex is composed of the youngest and least deformed units and makes up the western quarter of all Franciscan rocks. The rocks of the coastal belt are composed of arkosic sandstones, andesitic graywackes, and quartzofeldspathic graywackes interbedded with radiolarian chert (turbidite deposits) (Blake and Jones, 1981). These sedimentary rocks suggest a depositional environment of deep-sea fan systems with both oceanic and continental provenance. Parts of the belt show evidence of later metamorphism, principally due to subduction. Low-grade blueschist mineral facies are indicated by the presence of minerals such as laumonite and prehnite-pumpellyite (Blake and Jones, 1981). All rock units show evidence of thrust (imbricate) faulting due to the compressional forces of subduction. Ages of the coastal belt run from as little as 40 Ma (Eocene) to as old as 100 Ma (middle Cretaceous). The central belt of the Franciscan Complex represents older and more metamorphosed units of rock best characterized as a melange. Blocks of graywacke, greenstone, chert, limestone, and blueschists are sheared and thrust upon one another in a choatic mix (Isozaki and Blake, 1994). In contrast to the coastal belt, metamorphism is higher in grade here and dominated by pumpellyite which formed within the matrix of graywacke (Hagstrum and Murchey, 1993). The mixing of these units makes a stratigraphic subdivision difficult but analysis of the graywacke slabs indicates that the depositional environment was also deep sea, near to the continent. Turbidity currents in this environment deposited much of the sediment in both the coastal and central belts.

Payroll System of Manufacturing Company Essay

Payroll is the basic need for an employee but employees need more to satisfy them. For that reason employers have to take various kinds of remuneration techniques. Manufacturing companies are not beyond that. S. Nahar Garments, a sister concern of mohammadi Group, is one of them. Currently this group doing their business in garments sector only. They provide different types of incentives it their workers with wage. Incentives encourage employees to their duties and eliminate dissatisfaction. By incentives employees can be motivated and get the best output from them. It means producers can increase their production by giving remuneration to their employees. In this assignment we tried to find out about the wage-plan of this company. We have also come to know that Bangladesh Government has amended the labor law. So, every producer has followed that rules. Moreover we have some recommendation to improve incentives techniques for increase production and motivate workers. BRIEF HISTORY Readymade garments sector is one of the most potential sectors of Bangladesh. 75 percent of the export revenue is earned from the readymade garments sector. S. Nahar garments is one of the active company in the garments sector to contribute in the earnings of foreign exchange. The company is a sister concern of Mohammadi group. It is an ISO 9001:2002 certified organization. It was established in 1985. Mohammadi group is one of the renowned companies in Bangladesh. This group contributes a lot in the garments sector of Bangladesh. This group has several garments in different areas in Bangladesh. The head office of Mohammadi group is located at Motijheel in Dhaka. Its factories are scattered in different areas in Bangladesh. It has factory in Badda, Mirpur, Naraynganj, Savar, Kanchpur, Adamjee EPZ and other different areas. All readymade garments produced from these factories are exported to Europe and North American market. 60 percent of its products are exported to European market and rests of the 40 percent are exported to North American market. Business Tycoon Md. Habibur Rahman is the owner of this group. Couple of years ago this group has real estate business also. But now real estate business has been separated from this group. OBJECTIVES OF THIS REPORT Every study has an objective. Our study is not separate from that. The general objective of this report is to identify the wage plan of a manufacturing company. We make this report on S. Nahar Garments (a manufacturing company) for preparing the incentive wage plan. Also such report gives the opportunity to prepare a real business report that will help us to makes report in future for companies. SCOPES OF THE STUDY This study was an opportunity for us to know about the wage plan and incentives in manufacturing company. We also gather knowledge about labor demands, and how to satisfy them. This kind of information helps us to know what incentives would be effective. All this knowledge will be helpful in our future career, when we will be a production manager or entrepreneur in manufacturing company. As we study before which incentives eliminate dissatisfaction and motivate labors. So, labors become more effective, dutiful, and sincere in their work by incentives. LIMITATIONS We found that all manufacturing companies do not take same incentives plan. There are some limitations in S. NAHAR GARMENTS. These are as follows: ? There is no piece work plan facility. ?They does not have 100 percent bonus plan. ? There is no group bonus plan facility. They do not have allowance for launch We directly visit their industry and take incentives from companies Public & Administration Manager and Deputy Technical Manager. Bangladesh govt. amended the wage law few years ago. According to this law there is a minimum wage and every garments and factories must follow these rules. S. Nahar garments is not exceptional from that. It gives its workers wage by following the wage law. There are 7 different levels/grade of workers based on training and experience. Levels Basic wage House rent (30% of Basic) Medical allowance Total gross wage Grade-7 1125 337. 5 200 1662. 50 Grade-6 1270 381 200 1851 Grade-5 1420 426 200 2046 Grade-4 1577 473. 1 200 2250. 10 Grade-3 1730 519 200 2449 Grade-2 2800 840 200 3840 Grade-1 3800 1140 200 5140 Wage table: Fixed by The Govt. of Bangladesh The above table shows that, in Grade-7 the basic wage of a worker is 1125 taka. He or she will get 30 percent of basic as a house rent and 200 taka medical allowance which is fixed. So the total wage of a worker in grade-7 is 1662. 50 taka. And this is the minimum wage rate for every garments and factory. As same as the basic wage of a worker in Grade-6 is 1270 taka and total wage is 1851 taka. The basic wage of a worker in Grade-5 is 1420 taka and total wage is 2046 taka. In Grade-4 basic wage is 1577 taka and total wage is 2250. 10 taka. In Grade-3 basic wage is 1730 taka and total wage is 2449 taka. The basic wage for Grade-2 and 1 are 2800 taka and 3800 taka respectively and total wages are 3840 taka and 5140 taka respectively. So in every grade the worker will get a basic wage, plus he or she will get 30 percent house rent of basic and 200 taka fixed medical allowance. Bangladesh govt. follows the following rule to set up a worker’s total wage in every grade. Total Wage = Basic wage + (Basic wage ? .3) + 200 House rent Medical allowance S. Nahar Garments Company also gives some extra benefit to motivate its workers. It gives its workers 100 taka as attendance allowance. In this garments every worker has to work 6 days in a week and rest of the day is holiday for the worker. If any worker is present all the working days then he or she will be given 100 taka as attendance allowance. If he or she in 2 or less than 2 days then he or she will get 50 taka as attendance allowance. If any worker is absent in more than 2 working days then no attendance allowance is applicable. This allowance is on monthly basis. The company also provides bonus on the festive season. That means on Eid, Puja the worker gets 50 percent bonus on his gross wage. There are overtime facilities for the workers in this garment. Every worker has to work 8 hours in a day and 48 hours in a week. He or she is allowed to work up to 60 hours in a week. For the overtime hours he or she will get 2 times wage of basic. This company does not provide any production bonus. The garments company also provides some others facilities. It provides drugs for its sick workers. The female workers get 16 week leave as maternity benefit. There is also a daycare centre for those female workers who have children RECOMMENDATION From the survey in S. Nahar Garments, we learn that their incentives wage plan is not much encouraging. So we advise that, they should provide launch allowances and follow the piece work plan. By using this plan they can increase their production. It is using motivation of labors. Because piece work plan give value of the labors work, and increase their wage. This plan also increases production, which can generate company’s revenue. That means increase profits. So this plan will be effective and profitable for the company CONCLUSION At the end of the report it is quite evident that the wage plan of the S. Nahar Company is not very high. But, to increase this potential S. Nahar Garments must plan its way very carefully. We have formulated all the strategies needed to gain substantial wage plan. Now S. Nahar Company must follow all those strategies. Any lack of commitment in S. Nahar Garments part would result in a disaster. But after establishing themselves in organization they must not feel like winners. Making a greater wage for employees is not the end of the story — it won’t be living happily ever after. Because it is nothing about the fairy tales, rather the real world that is getting more and more dynamic and uncertain and where it is to believe that problems are there always but along with the solutions. It is just the initiative that should be taken at that moment to find the solution.

Massive Multiplayer Games Essay

With the rise and popularity of multiplayer games over the last two decades, the industry has created new games that catered to the taste and preferences of game players in different age groups. Likewise, as these games allow players to cooperate and compete against each other from different boundaries, there is now a rising concern of whether the game creates benefits to players or only serves as addiction to those who engage in such activities. Due to this, it is important to determine the scope and challenges surrounding massive multiplayer games to actively decipher appropriate strategies for further development. Understanding the Concept Looking at it, the term multiplayer games denotes from the ability of one player to actively take part in a video game together with patrons around the world in a simultaneous manner. ). These games allow players to cooperate and compete against each other on a large scale, often with other players around the world. It is a natural evolution to gaming with the widespread use of the internet that has opened up a global community. As far as the overall process is concerned, for players to participate in these games, you must first purchase the game and then pay a monthly fee to play to compete in the game. MMORP games that make the most money are those that keep people subscribed or buying new items for several consecutive months. The explosion in popularity and sales has drawn a much closer look into the attraction of gaming and its effect on game players. Consequently, there is a renewed interest in finding out the relevant effect of this activity particularly among gamers themselves. This has sparked the interest of researchers and everyone wanting to know what the craze is all about. Is it an addiction, or are there real benefits that draw the player in to these games? On one hand, we can see that these people to gain experience and recognition for their work. At the same time, it opens up the foundations of reaching out to individuals in different cultures with the game as a medium. However, that is precisely what draws the gamer in; it separates them from the real world. It is easy to understand the allure of MMOG’s on gamers. They take place in a separate universe, and you can create a character for yourself that is exactly the person you want to be. This game universe has it own rules, culture, and society of people with all kinds of interactions taking place. The possibilities for exploration are unlimited and there are no physical consequences to your actions. What do studies say? Relating this to research and studies, a 2007 Harris Interactive poll of 1,187 youths aged 8-18 gathered detailed data on youth opinions about video game play. About 81% of youths stated that they played video games at least once per month. Furthermore, the average playing time varied by age and sex, from 8 hours per week (responses from teen girls) to 14 hours per week (responses by teen boys). Teens (8-12 year olds) fell in the middle, with boys averaging 13 hours per week of reported game-play, and girls averaging 10. Harris concludes that 8. 5% can be classified as pathological or clinically ‘addicted’ to playing video games. (Harris Interactive) Dr. Douglas Gentile, Director of the Media Research Lab at Iowa State University and the director of research for the National Institute on Media and the Family, states, â€Å"It is important that people realize that playing a lot is not the same thing as pathological play. For something to be an addiction, it has to mean more than you do it a lot. It has to mean that you do it in such a way that it damages your life. This is why we based our definition on how pathological gambling is diagnosed in the DSM-IV. Almost one out of every ten youth gamers shows enough symptoms of damage to their school, family, and psychological functioning to merit serious concern. † (Harris Interactive) Lastly, to Dr. Suzanne Martin, Youth and Education Researcher at Harris Interactive, â€Å"The prevalence of video gaming in youth culture in combination with this level of pathological video gaming is great cause for concern and highlights the need for further research in this arena. † Gamers who were surveyed and classified as pathological were receiving lower grades in schools than their peers, were more likely to have video game systems in their bedrooms (65%), were spending much more time playing games each week (averaging 24. 5 hours per week), and were also more likely to have been diagnosed with an attention deficit problem. (Harris Interactive) Analysis The Harris Interactive report seems to indicate a considerable amount of usage among children and tweens; but does not indicate that it is a cause of the games themselves. A deeper look into other factors associated with gamers needs to be considered. Do these children or tweens spend more time at home because of both parents work schedules? Is there a correlation to the household income and the affordability of the games that makes them more accessible and appealing? Is there a correlation to the popularity of a video/media culture so much more accessible to children now that also plays an influence? There is apparently cause for some concern; but a deeper look in the other factors needs to be considered before a judgment can be Evaluation Evaluating these studies, it can be argued that there are indeed positive and negative consequences that can be deciphered as far as massive multiplayer games are concerned. Looking at it in a constructive manner, this process creates opportunities for players to discover and enhance their creativity within the specific game and platform. Moreover, it extracts the necessary skills needed in either to solve a quest or achieve a common goal. This in turn allows them to expand on their capabilities and create outcomes that will enhance their cognitive capabilities. On the other hand, there are also negative consequences of too much exposure in this area. In here, individuals can get addicted in the process and create a world of their own. Seeing this, players alienate themselves towards reality as they become immersed with the game they are involved in. Such idea can generate negative consequences psychologically, physically, and socially. Seeing this, it is then essential that a form of consensus and control be initiated in the process. This means that parents must actively create methods that will allow their children not only to immerse in such activity but also give them other options to consider. Though we may not be able to take away these things to children, having a specific playing time can encourage them to explore other possibilities available for them. By doing this, players can maximize the benefits of the game they play and limiting the possibilities of addiction that may be incurred during the process.

Fahrenheit 451 Themes and Literary Devices

Fahrenheit 451 Themes and Literary Devices Ray Bradbury’s 1953 novel Fahrenheit 451 addresses complex themes of censorship, freedom, and technology. Unlike most science fiction, Fahrenheit 451 does not view technology as a universal good. Rather, the novel explores the potential for technological advancement to make humans less free. Bradbury investigates these concepts with a straightforward writing style, employing several literary devices that add layers of meaning to the story. Freedom of Thought vs. Censorship The central theme of Fahrenheit 451 is the conflict between freedom of thought and censorship. The society that Bradbury depicts has voluntarily given up books and reading, and by and large the people do not feel oppressed or censored. The character of Captain Beatty provides a concise explanation for this phenomenon: the more people learn from books, Beatty tells Montag, the more confusion, uncertainty, and distress arises. Thus, the society decided that it would be safer to destroy the books- thus restricting their access to ideas- and occupy themselves with mindless entertainment. Bradbury shows a society that is clearly in decline despite its technological advances. Montag’s wife Mildred, who serves as a stand-in for society at large, is obsessed with television, numbed by drugs, and suicidal. She is also frightened by new, unfamiliar ideas of any kind. The mindless entertainment has dulled her ability to think critically, and she lives in a state of fear and emotional distress. Clarisse McClellan, the teenager who inspires Montag to question society, stands in direct opposition to Mildred and the other members of society. Clarisse questions the status quo and pursues knowledge for its own sake, and she is exuberant and full of life. The character of Clarisse offers hope for humanity explicitly because she demonstrates that it is still possible to have freedom of thought. The Dark Side of Technology Unlike many other works of science fiction, the society in Fahrenheit 451 is made worse by technology. In fact, all the technology described in the story is ultimately harmful to the people who interact with it. Montag’s flamethrower destroys knowledge and causes him to witness terrible things. The huge televisions hypnotize their viewers, resulting in parents with no emotional connection to their children and a population that cannot think for itself. Robotics are used to chase down and murder dissenters, and nuclear power ultimately destroys civilization itself. In Fahrenheit 451, the only hope for the survival of the human race is a world without technology. The drifters that Montag meets with in the wilderness have memorized books, and they plan to use their memorized knowledge to rebuild society. Their plan involves only human brains and human bodies, which represent ideas and our physical ability to implement them, respectively. The 1950s saw the initial rise of television as a mass medium for entertainment, and Bradbury was very suspicious of it. He saw television as a passive medium that required no critical thinking the way reading did, even light reading done just for amusement. His depiction of a society that has given up reading in favor of the easier, more mindless engagement with television is nightmarish: People have lost their connection to one another, spend their time in a drugged dreamland, and actively conspire to destroy great works of literature- all because they are constantly under the influence of television, which is designed to never disturb or challenge, only to entertain. Obedience vs. Rebellion In Fahrenheit 451, the society at large represents blind obedience and conformity. In fact, the characters of the novel even assist their own oppression by voluntarily banning books. Mildred, for example, actively avoids listening to or engaging with new ideas. Captain Beatty is a former book lover, but he, too, has concluded that books are dangerous and must be burned. Faber agrees with Montags beliefs, but he is fearful of the repercussions of taking action (though he ultimately does so). Montag represents rebellion. Despite the resistance and danger he faces, Montag questions societal norms and steals books. However, its important to note that Montags rebellion is not necessarily pure of heart. Many of his actions can be read as resulting from personal dissatisfaction, such as angrily lashing out at his wife and attempting to make others see his point of view. He does not share the knowledge he gains from the books he hoards, nor does he seem to consider how he might help others. When he flees the city, he saves himself not because he foresaw the nuclear war, but because his instinctive and self-destructive actions have forced him to run. This parallels his wife’s suicide attempts, which he holds in such contempt: Montag’s actions are not thoughtful and purposeful. They are emotional and shallow, showing that Montag is a much a part of society as anyone else. The only people shown to be truly independent are the drifters led by Granger, who live outside of society. Away from the damaging influence of television and the watching eyes of their neighbors, they are able to live in true freedom- the freedom to think as they like. Literary Devices Bradbury’s writing style is florid and energetic, giving a sense of urgency and desperation with lengthy sentences containing sub-clauses that crash into each other: â€Å"Her face was slender and milk-white, and it was a kind of gentle hunger that touched over everything with a tireless curiosity. It was a look of almost pale surprise; the dark eyes were so fixed to the world that no move escaped them.† Additionally, Bradbury uses two main devices to convey an emotional urgency to the reader. Animal Imagery Bradbury uses animal imagery when describing technology and actions in order to show the perverse lack of the natural in his fictional world- this is a society dominated by, and harmed by, a total reliance on technology over the natural, a perversion of the ‛natural order.’ For example, the opening paragraph describes his flamethrower as a ‛great python’: â€Å"It was a pleasure to burn. It was a special pleasure to see things eaten, to see things blackened and changed. With the brass nozzle in his fists, with this great python spitting its venomous kerosene upon the world, the blood pounded in his head, and his hands were the hands of some amazing conductor playing all the symphonies of blazing and burning to bring down the tatters and charcoal ruins of history.† Other imagery also compares technology to animals: the stomach pump is a snake and the helicopters in the sky are insects. Additionally, the weapon of death is the eight-legged Mechanical Hound. (Notably, there are no living animals in the novel.) Repetition and Patterns Fahrenheit 451 also deals in cycles and repeated patterns. The Firemen’s symbol is the Phoenix, which Granger eventually explains in this way: â€Å"There was a silly damn bird called a Phoenix back before Christ: every few hundred years he built a pyre and burned himself up. He must have been first cousin to Man. But every time he burnt himself up he sprang out of the ashes, he got himself born all over again. And it looks like were doing the same thing, over and over, but weve got one damn thing the Phoenix never had. We know the damn silly thing we just did.† The ending of the novel makes it clear that Bradbury views this process as a cycle. Humanity progresses and advances technology, then is destroyed by it, then recovers and repeats the pattern without retaining the knowledge of the previous failure. This cyclical imagery pops up elsewhere, most notably with Mildred’s repeated suicide attempts and inability to remember them as well as Montag’s revelation that he has repeatedly stolen books without doing anything with them.

Will receiving a college degree improve your career opportunities Essay

Will receiving a college degree improve your career opportunities - Essay Example This paper puts into perspective how a college degree can improve career opportunities. A college degree has the potential of enhancing my career opportunities because it increases an individual's chances in the market. Case in point is that an individual with a college degree has an added advantage compared to those who do not have a single certificate. Unlike previous regimes, a college degree provides an opportunity for an individual to earn decently compared to a high school graduate. The financial value of a college qualification cannot, therefore, be overemphasized because it is the only gateway through which an individual can earn some decent living. A college degree widens an individual's world view making it possible to scrutinize issues from different perspectives. Employees require individuals who are critical and can make appropriate decisions under crucial circumstances and a college degree presents such opportunities. A reflection in the process of Critical thinking used in forming the response Critical thinking is an essential component employed in determining the appropriateness of the information presented. The process of critical thinking used relate to the process used to find content for the answers in this context. Having a college degree improves an individual's portfolio in the job market and understanding such as a phenomenon demands essential interpretation of the inherent facts.

A Quantitative Comparison of Academic Achievement In New York City Dissertation

A Quantitative Comparison of Academic Achievement In New York City Public Schools vs. New York City Charter Schools As Measured By 2009 - 2010 New York State ELA And Math Exams - Dissertation Example The intention of this study are charter schools - the public schools that operate independently of the district board of education, making them a one-school public school district. They have their own charters written by private individuals: parents, educators, community leaders that enumerate their laws, governance structure and principles. This autonomous setup results in bigger accountabilities for the school. Because of this autonomy and â€Å"customized† curricula, many people believe that charter schools are far more beneficial to children, as compared to public schools. People also believe that charter schools provide better services because of the high standards they set for themselves. There are studies that compare the effectiveness of public schools versus charter schools. However, they differ in their findings. The growing appreciation for the potential benefits of quality educational programs has strengthened funding agencies’ and policy makers’ comm itment to ensuring all families have access to programming that can support and enhance children’s development, growth, and learning. These benefits can be realized, however, only in high-quality programs with characteristics linked to positive outcomes for children. However, deciding whether a public or charter school will best suit the needs of the child can be a harrowing and difficult decision for parents to make and requires a method for determining which scholastic institution will provide the best educational experience for the child. The establishment of a stable formula for measuring the academic achievement of the students from public schools and charter schools is needed. According to research conducted by Lubienski and Lubienski (2006

Leadership Capabilities Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Leadership Capabilities Assignment - Essay Example To succeed in today’s workplace and achieve a successful career goal, leadership skill is essential. This exercise has enabled me to understand my capability as a leader and see which areas I need to work on more to become a better, more effective leader. The first step of this exercise was to take a number of tests (questionnaires) that revealed my true leadership skill. Based on these skills, I created a leadership profile for myself, recognizing the styles I am most likely to use when in a leading position. Finally, I have identified key strengths and weak areas, based on which I have created a doable recommendations plan for myself. Results of Leadership Questionnaires 1. Leadership Traits Questionnaire The first questionnaire tested my leadership traits: fourteen important leadership traits have been indentified in this test and I was required to ask others (mostly friends and acquaintances) to rate me on those traits, followed by a self rating. The results compared my se lf-rating with the average rating that others gave me. Trait Raters    Self Rating 1 2 3 4 5 Average Articulate 2 3 5 4 3 3.4 5 Perceptive 4 3 5 3 4 3.8 2 Self confident 3 3 5 4 3 3.6 5 Self assured 4 3 5 4 4 4 4 Persistent 5 3 5 4 5 4.4 4 Determined 5 3 5 4 4 4.2 4 Trustworthy 5 4 4 5 3 4.2 4 Dependable 4 5 5 4 4 4.4 5 Friendly 3 5 5 5 5 4.6 5 Outgoing 4 5 5 4 5 4.6 5 Conscientious 5 5 4 5 5 4.8 5 Diligent 4 5 5 4 5 4.6 5 Sensitive 4 4 5 5 4 4.4 5 Emphatic 4 5 5 5 3 4.4 5 My self-rating and the average rating by others had a margin of  ±0.6 points on eleven of the traits, including outgoing, emphatic, sensitive and dependable. The ratings perfectly matched only once for self-assured. However, there were marked differences in three traits: for articulate and self-confident, my self-rating was 5 (highest possible), whereas the average scores given by others were 3.4 and 3.6, which fall in the average category. On the other hand, my self-rating for perceptive was 2, whereas others gave me an average score of 3.8 on this specific trait, markedly higher than my self-perception. Based on the results, I realize that most of my perceptions about my leadership traits are similar to what others think of me. 2. Skills Inventory The second test was for Skills inventory which measures three important leadership skills in a person, namely technical, human and conceptual skills. Based on my answers, my scores were: Skill Score Technical 19 Human 12 Conceptual 21 My scores for conceptual and technical skills are significantly higher than the score on my human skills. It is important to mention that in lower management, technical and human skills are most important. In middle level management all three are of equal importance. In upper level management, technical skills aren’t as important as human and conceptual skills. Based on the test results and this interpretation, I have a weakness in human skill. Human skill is one key skill that is required at every phase in one’s career as well as personal relationships. This area represents a key weakness that I need to proactively work on. 3. Style Questionnaire The style questionnaire tested which leadership style I predominantly use between task and relationship styles. Style Score Range Task 42 High Relationship 43 High My scores for both styles ranked ‘high’, displaying my tendency to use a combination of the styles with emphasis on both tasks and relationships. I prefer to

Balanced Scorecard Assignment Research Proposal

Balanced Scorecard Assignment - Research Proposal Example The objectives of the business can be classified under four different heads such as financial objectives, customer value objectives, internal operations objectives, learning and growth (employee) objectives. c) Customer value: The objective is to add value to customer through supply of quality products at reduced rate. It also aims to keep up the value and business ethics by following business strategy helpful to appealing the customers. a) Measure of process performance: The objective is to attain higher performance efficiency. The process should be capable of producing the product at minimum cost and time requirements while ensuring higher quality of product. c) Operations: The objective is to attain maximum return on investment by reducing the cost of production and improving the production efficiency. Advanced production technology will be adopted for the production process for ensuring lower production cost with higher quality. Presentation of the strategic objectives of the business along with its metrics and targets by using balanced score card provides insights into the performance targets of the business. It helps to inform the organizational personnel about their role in improving the business performance. Discussion of the strategic objectives by segmenting it under each different heads makes clear the role of each department of the organization towards the business performance

Strategies and Technology to Determine Chicken Freshness

Strategies and Technology to Determine Chicken Freshness 2.0Â  INTRODUCTION Recently, there have been various inventions of sensors to detect the freshness of food. A chemical sensor means that a tool that convert chemical information into an analytically useful signal. The device acts as an analyzer (Hulanicki et al, 1991). Smart or intelligent packaging has been the result of using such sensors into the food packaging technology. Smart packaging uses chemical or biosensor to observe the quality and safety of food from the producers and relay the outcome to the consumers. Time-temperature indicators, ripeness indicators, chemical sensors, biosensors and radio frequency identification are some of the examples of components in smart packaging (Kuswandi et al, 2011). 2.1Â  Chemical Sensor in Determining Chicken Cuts Freshness Chicken is a highly perishable food, as it usually deteriorates within a week of slaughtering, even when it is put in storage chiller systems. Chicken spoilage is mainly due to microorganisms (Kuswandi et al, 2013). Microorganisms in broiler chicken are heterogenous. The common microorganisms in aerobically stored, chilled poultry meats are Flavobacteria, Shewanella putrefaciens, Acinetobacter spp., Corynebacteria spp., Moraxella spp. and fluorescent pseudomonas (Amaut-Rollier et al, 1999). Biogenic amines (BAs) are generated by the growth of decarboxylase-positive microorganisms under favourable conditions to enzyme activity. Many Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp. and certain lactobacilli, enterococci and staphylococci are active in the formation of Bas. The amount of amines formed depends abundantly on the type of microorganisms present. The formation of amines, including BAs is primarily a product of the enzymic decarboxylation of specific amino acid due to microbial enzyme activity (Kuswandi et al, 2013). The amino acids can also suffer oxidative deamination, decarbozylation and desulfurization, resulting in gases such as NH3, CO2, and H2S. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is generally known to be produced during microbial growth. (Rukchon et al, 2014) Quantifying chemical changes could provide information on the degree of spoilage. A number of indicators have been proposed to analyse the quality of meat, including BAs, volatile bases, nucleotide breakdown products, volatile acidity and CO2. Thus, these compounds can be taken as quality indicators of chicken freshness during storage (Rukchon et al, 2014). 2.2Â  Problem Statement Increasing of production of poultry meat and products are significant throughout the world in the last decade. Chicken and poultry products are famous because of their specific sensory attributes and the tendency of the public to consider white meat are healthier than red (Balamatsia et al, 2005). Nowadays, demands for the freshness and safety of food products by the consumers are increasing continuously (Kuswandi et al, 2013). However, spoilage of chicken and poultry products has become a burden to the producers plus it can bring a health hazard to the consumers, since poultry meat may contain pathogenic microorganisms (Economou et al, 2009). However, with the invention of smart packaging, which can observe the quality and safety of food and relay the result to the consumers. The sensors used in the packaging come with variety of functions, such as monitoring the freshness, pathogens, leakage, carbon dioxide, oxygen, pH, time and temperature. The technology is beyond the existing standard technologies, which are control of weight, volume, colour, appearance and etcetera (Kuswandi et al, 2011). Colour changes of pH dyes such as bromothymol blue, bromophenol blue, bromocresol purple, methyl red, bromocresol green, methyl orange, methyl yellow, phenol red can be detect acidic/basic volatile compounds, as they display an irreversible change in colour. These are some of the indicators that can be used to make sensors to detect chicken freshness. The sensors then can be stickered or paste onto the packaging (Rukchon et al, 2014). 2.3Â  Objectives The goal is to satisfy the increasing demands of customers, to be able to produce fresh goods, or at least providing scientific evidence informing the customers of the condition of the product, and not based on oral evidence only, as the seller or producer can just fabricate the truth. The objectives of this study are: To investigate the relationship between the numbers of microorganisms and level of spoilage To develop an indicator to monitor the freshness of chicken 3.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 3.1Â  Smart Packaging Smart packaging are packaging that can do more than traditional packaging, in terms of storing, protecting and providing information about the product (Kerry and Butler, 2008). Smart packaging can provide information about the condition (i.e. level of spoilage, freshness of content) of the contents of the pack through colour coding, wireless information, or etcetera. Smart packaging is quite different than active packaging. While active packaging will be activated when it is triggered, smart packaging is more to an indicator of microbial growth, physical shock, leakage or microbial spoilage (Intelligent and Active Packaging Opportunities in Specialty Papers, 2009). Smart packaging can switch on and off according to changing external or internal conditions. Then, it will inform the status of the content to the customers (Butler, 2013). 3.1.1Â  Indicators for Meat Freshness Indicators of freshness can provide direct information from the outcome of chemical changes or microbial growth in food. The production of freshness indicator in meat products depends on the types of product, related spoilage flora, conditions of storage and packaging system (Kerry, 2012). Table 1:Potential indicators in detecting meat freshness (Kerry, 2012) Potential indicators Components to detect Colour-based pH indicators Microbial metabolites Ethanol Fermentative metabolism of lactic acid bacteria Volatile compounds (e.g. dimethylamine, biogenic amines) Muscle-based product decomposition Myoglobin based freshness indicator Hydrogen sulphide, a breakdown product of cysteine Majority of meat freshness indicator are colour change indicator that gives its result according to microbial metabolites that are produced gradually during spoilage (Kerry, 2012). 3.1.2Â  Sensors for Food Pathogens and Contaminants The easiest microbial contamination presence that can be detected indirectly is by measuring changes in gas composition in relation to the microbial growth, by using gas sensor. The increase in CO2 concentration can determines microbial contamination only in packages that do not contain CO2 as a protective gas. The indicators are usually colour changing, that can be based on chromogenic substrates of enzymes produced by the microorganisms, the consumption of certain nutrients or the detection of microorganism itself. One of the examples is the use of nanostructured silk as a platform for biosensors. This silk has quite a lot of advantages, as it is edible and biodegradable, and it can also be integrated within the packaging of products itself. Conducting polymers, one of biosensors can be used to detect the gases released during microbe metabolism. Biosensors are produced by inserting conducting nanoparticles into an insulating matrix, and the change in resistance correlates to the total amount of gas released. These sensors are evolving to detect food borne pathogens through quantification of bacterial cultures (Kuswandi et al, 2011). 3.2Â  Examples of Indicators 3.2.1Â  Methyl Red Methyl red is a pH indicator. The methyl red/cellulose membrane functions as a freshness sensor to detect freshness or spoilage of chicken. It is based on increase of pH, because the amounts of volatile amines that are produced in the package increase gradually making the pH increase as well. Following this, the sensor will change colour from red to yellow as an indicator for spoilage, and it is of course visible to the naked eye. Since the pH of fresh chicken meats is around 5.50 and the pH of spoilt chicken meat is considered above 6.0, the increasing of pH will take place during the deterioration of chicken meats, as the volatile amines are increasing gradually (Kuswandi et al, 2013). Figure 1:Â  The colour changes of methyl red/cellulose membrane versus time of chicken cuts stored at room temperature (Kuswandi et al, 2013) Figure 2:Â  The colour changes of methyl red/cellulose membrane versus time of chicken cuts stored at chiller temperature (Kuswandi et al, 2013) 3.3.2Â  Colorimetric Sensors Array An electronic nose (e-nose) is a tool that can recognise specific components of a smell and examine its chemical makeup to distinguish it. E-nose consists of a system for chemical detection like array of electronic sensors and a system for recognising pattern, such as a neural network (WhatIs.com, 13 November 2014). E-nose system is composed of many non-specific sensors, and an odour stimulus produce characteristic fingerprint from the sensors array. Fingerprints patterns from known odour are then used to make a database, and teach the pattern identifying system so that unknown odours can be recognised and classified (Chen et al, 2014). A low-cost colorimetric sensors array was fabricated, using printing chemically responsive dyes on a C2 reverse silica-gel flat plate, along with a specific colorific fingerprint to identify volatile compounds. AdaBoost-OLDA, a combination of orthogonal linear discriminant analysis (OLDA) and adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) is a classification algorithm that was also proposed to use with the colorimetric sensors (Chen et al, 2014). Figure 3:Â  Schematic diagram of E-nose system based on a colorimetric sensors array (Chen et al, 2014) Total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN) is one of the best indicators to differentiate between fresh and spoilt poultry. In China, above 15 mg/100 g of TVBN is considered spoilt meat (Chen et al, 2014). Figure 4:Â  Reference measurement results of TVBN content for all samples (Chen et al, 2014) Figure 5:Â  Differences images for fresh chicken sample (a) and spoilt chicken sample (b) (Chen et al, 2014) Figure 5 is the difference of images for the fresh and spoilt samples, by subtracting the initial from the final image. As mentioned earlier, each difference image has its own specific fingerprint. The sensors array which contain the selected metalloporphyrins dyes have responded sensitively to many of volatile organic compounds such as tryptamine, putrescine, cadaverine and other biogenic amines during chicken spoilage. The extra dyes which consist of three pH indicators have responded to hydrogen sulphide and organic acids such as lactic acid. All of the spoilage process can be recorded on the change of chemical responsive dyes (Chen et al, 2014).

Abortion :: essays research papers

Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy, and induced abortion is when a woman makes the decision to have her pregnancy ended in a surgical or medical way. The social conflicts arising from abortion have been around since the procedure was invented, and have risen since 1973 when it became legal after the Roe versus Wade decision. Communities are constantly battling over the issues of Pro-Choice and Pro-Life and how far into a pregnancy is too long to have the procedure performed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are several reasons that a woman may choose to abort a pregnancy. She may not feel she is ready to become a parent, or cannot support a baby at her current level of income or immature age. She may not want to be shunned upon by becoming a single parent or letting anyone know that she is pregnant and sexually active. An older woman might be dealing with the issues of already having enough children or she or the fetus could have a health problem. Another common occurrence of a woman wanting an abortion could be if she falls victim of rape or incest. The necessity of abortion within these circumstances draws great conflict from different points of view, especially those pertaining to religion. Many people have different ideas concerning which conditions are valid reasons to abort a pregnancy, while others feel the procedure is wrong no matter what.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All women, and even men, can be affected by this social conflict. According to Planned Parenthood, Nearly half of all women will have an abortion by the time they are 45 years old. About five million women in the U.S. become pregnant every year. Half of those pregnancies are unintended, and 1.2 million end in abortion. Promiscuous women Nicholson  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Page 2 using abortion almost as a form of birth control are the ones that bring about the most conflict of interest. Women living in inner-city areas with a high crime rate are more susceptible to become victims of rape, and therefore seek relief through abortion should a pregnancy occur. Abortion is a common social problem worldwide. Approximately 210 million women around the world become pregnant each year. Out of all of these pregnancies, 80 million are unplanned, and 46 million will end in abortion. Internationally, the lifetime average is about one abortion per woman (After Three Decades). â€Å"In the United States, following the Roe v.

Modest Mussorgsky and His Sunless Song Cycle

Modest Mussorgsky and his Sunless Song Cycle Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky was one of the biggest innovators in Russian music during the Romantic Period. Constantly striving to achieve a distinctive Russian musical identity, he never once hesitated to defy the orthodox qualities and trends of western music. Born March 21, 1839, into a wealthy family living in Karevo, Russia, it was not long before Mussorgsky discovered his love for music. He began playing piano at the age of 6 and showed promising development. However, he was obliged to take on the family tradition of serving in the military, and was sent to cadet school when he was 13.After 4 years, he successfully graduated and was sent to serve at a military hospital in Saint Peterburg. Here, he became close with several other composers including Mily Balakirev, who heavily influenced Mussorgsky to learn more about music. The two worked together over the next few years developing his musical intelligence. After only several months, in 1858, Mussorgsky suffered from an emotional crisis, forcing him to resign from his commission, and devote his time entirely to music composition. He began to develop as a composer but was unfortunately preoccupied as his family’s fortune began to dwindle.He was forced to accept a low-level civil service position in order to help manage his family’s estate. In 1863, Mussorgsky returned to Saint Petersburg and began composing his first opera. During this time, he was exposed to a heavily creative and intellectual atmosphere where a variety of artistic and scientific ideas were brought to his attention. He soon came to embrace the ideal known as musical realism. With this mind set, Mussorgsky sought to depict life through music as it was truly lived. He rejected the repetition of symmetrical musical forms just as life itself is completely unpredictable.His style came to be known as erratic and exhibited a raw sense of individuality. Unfortunately, this concept of †˜real life’ hit him especially hard when his mother passed away in 1865. This was a profound moment in Mussorgsky’s life, one that may have pushed him into the downward spiral saturated with alcohol, depression, and hopelessness that would eventually follow. By the late 1860’s, his music had circulated well enough to earn him the right of being grouped with Balakirev, Cui, Rimsky-Korsavok, and Borodin as a part of Russia’s â€Å"Mighty Handful†.However, he had yet to compose a successful opera. In Autumn of 1868, after abandoning his two previous attempts at Salammbo and Marriage, Vladimir Nikosky suggested that he compose an opera for Alexander Pushkin’s drama, Boris Godunov. Mussorgsky gladly accepted the challenged and began almost immediately. Despite the opera being rejected by the State Censor (arguably not once but twice), nearly 6 years later, his masterpiece was ready to be shared with the world. The premier took place January 27, 1874, but to his dismay, it received a number of hostile and negative reactions.Even his good friend and fellow â€Å"Mighty Hand† member, Cesar Cui, was unimpressed and proceeded to minimize his accomplishment with a scathing review describing it as an â€Å"immature work†, and that it â€Å"trespassed against the conventional musical grammar of the time†. Mussorgsky was deeply impacted by the public reaction. It nearly destroyed his self-confidence, and summoned what I believe to be the dark and pessimistic force that inspired his song cycle entitled â€Å"Bez Solnsta†.Literally meaning â€Å"sunless†, or â€Å"without sun†, Bez Soinsta was a series of 6 songs Mussorgsky composed to accompany a variety of poems written by his close friend and part-time roommate, Arseni Golenishchev-Kutuzov. As the name implies, the overall mood of Sunless is rather bleak. Its music and lyrics especially evoke a continuous feeling of loneliness, hopelessnes s, insomnia, and boredom. From a psychological standpoint, one could say that this entire song cycle is a direct representation of the mental state associated with depression and its symptomatic effects.I believe Mussorgsky chose to compose these songs when he did to reflect his degrading mental state of mind, which ultimately led to his demise. The first song of the cycle, consisting of only 17 bars, is entitled â€Å"Within Four Walls†. With its sparing accompaniment, this musically subtle piece tends to center around pedal D (first in the bass, later in the mid range, and then returning back to the bass). The melody blends a combination of recitative and aria with arching lines of infinite yearning and at times fierce dissonances.These unexpected harmonies are inevitably brought back to the unyielding D, all the while saturated with irregular phrase length and fermatas to perhaps allude to the unpredictability of life. Deceptive cadences of endless misery, combined with so mber poetic lyrics such as â€Å"†¦an impenetrable darkness, irresponsive darkness†, this song seems to radiate a sense of profound pessimism that can only be explained by the mental condition of Mussorgsky at the time. Though only lasting a mere 11 bars, Mussorgsky’s second song of the cycle, â€Å"Thouh Didst Not Know Me In The Crowd†, goes further harmonically than any other composer would be capable of.Frequently ending in foreign, unresolved chords, this perfect blend of heightened recitatives and fervent melodies do justice to the associated lyrics provided by Kutuzof. The poetry seems to express and bewail the indifference of the world as personified in the disinterest of a former lover. The brief poetic phrasing is as follows: You have not recognized me in the crowd. Your glance did not say anything, but I felt wonder and fright when I caught it. It was only a moment, but believe me, within it I re-lived again, all the delights of past love, all the bitterness of oblivion and tears!Details regarding Mussorgsky’s love life are sparse, but one can only assume that such words drenched in hopeless bitterness and overwhelming sorrow pertained some relevance to his current love affairs at the time. Mussorgsky’s third song in the cycle is entitled â€Å"The Noisy Festival Day Is Ended†. At the time, he was working in the forestry department of The Russian Government as a clerk. Earning little income, and being constantly preoccupied with pointless tasks, his frustration grew, as he was increasingly distracted from his real life as a composer.One of the more expansive Sunless songs, this 40 bar piece exhibits a variety of textures and gestures. Opening with a recitative, Mussorgsky continues to a lyrical middle section, where falling modal sixths are introduced. Finishing with an aria like finale, the song seems to convey no other emotions than hopeless longing and passionate despair. He expresses yet another day wasted, â€Å"over is the idle and idle and clamorous day† and another night sleep deprived, â€Å"but sleep escapes from my eyes†. But what has brought about this dissatisfaction? Could it be his unfulfilling job that distracts him from his true passion of music composition?Or perhaps it is a woman who disturbs him so, â€Å"I am bored with this dead crowd†¦ Only one shadow, the only one of all, appeared to me, breathing with love†. â€Å"Boredom† is the fourth song in Mussorgsky’s Sunless song cycle. As the name suggests, throughout the 29 bars, he repeats the opening statement a total of three times (making it a strophic song). However, it would not be very stylistic of Mussorgsky to restate this initial melody without some sort of change or variation. For each repetition, he modifies the music slightly to appropriately reflect the changes in the text.During the third repetition, the music seems to take a more fierce and tragic approach tha n that of the first and second phrases. The lyrics here also seem to indicate a powerful sense hopelessness and despair as Kutuzov writes, â€Å"Be bored. From birth to the grave your path is written beforehand: Drop by drop you’ll waste your powers. Then you’ll die. † Talk about depressing. At this point in time, Mussorgsky was drinking heavily, and seemed to idealize his alcoholism, perhaps viewing it as an ethical or aesthetic habbit. This of course led to increased isolation and depression, which is undeniably presented through songs such as this one.His fifth song, â€Å"Elegy† appears to be related in some way to the negative reaction of the public in response to the recent premier of his opera, Boris Godunov. As discussed earlier, even his close friend and respected fellow member of Russia’s â€Å"Mighty Handful† betrayed Mussorgsky with a brutal review of the piece. â€Å"Elegy† begins nicely as the fluttering piano gently com pliments and symbolizes the â€Å"Silent star flickering, lonely, through the veil of clouds†. Arguably, this represents Mussorgsky’s opera at the time of its approval, waiting for the â€Å"veil of clouds† to be lifted in order to shine for all of the world to see.Later, the music changes drastically as a series of angry, dissonant and chromatic octaves relentlessly pound away as the poetry describes what I believe to be the public’s reaction to his take on Boris Godunov. â€Å"†¦And I hear in the distance life’s discordant noise, laughter of the soulless crowd, the muttering of treacherous feuding†. Mussorgsky’s anger and frustration in response to the premier of his opera are clearly and effectively depicted here through his music. The last song of his Sunless cycle is entitled â€Å"By The River†. Throughout the piece, a stationary bass line with its insistent half step supports a eries of extreme chromatic harmonies. There is a strange contradictive sense of stability and illusion to the piece, something which becomes even more prominent when compared to its poetry. Throughout the text, the line between sanity and madness and crossed, and you find yourself at the threshold of death. The poetry seems to essentially be a suicide note. The river acts as a means to an end, possessing â€Å"†¦magical secrets in them† (what happens after you die). â€Å"When it calls into the depths, I want to jump without hesitation† (suicide).The hopeless yearning and disheartening lyrics correspond with music nearly as dark and mysterious as the river portrays. In the years that followed, Mussorgsky’s mental and physical decline only worsened. The inability to resist drinking, combined with a series of deaths among his closes friends caused him great pain and sorrow. In 1880, he was terminated from the governmental service, and in 1881 he declared to a friend that there was, â€Å"nothing left but begging†. It seemed as though Mussorgsky had given up: on music, on himself, on life. Sure enough, not long after the fact, he suffered from a series of seizures and was hospitalized.An impoverished son of nobility, Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky died on March 28, 1881, just a week after his 42nd birthday. His unfortunate struggle with alcohol, and criticisms from the public eye, inspired a dark and despairing approach to music during his final years. Additionally, his interest and devotion to musical realism led to an unorthodox and controversial style, the critical reaction to which, he was unable to cope with. Sunless, with the help from Kutuzov, remains one of the bleakest works in the art song repertoire. Bibliography: Articles: http://www. recmusic. org/lieder/assemble_texts. tml? LanguageId=7&SongCycleId=60 http://www. allmusic. com http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Boris_Godunov_(opera) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Modest_Mussorgsky http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki /Sunless_(song_cycle) Songs: http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=CKZwPYhXbbA http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=8KOvp0ienUI http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=tUXZ59hs2l8 http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=YU481pqyo54 http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=ym367Z_XJ-k http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=Raqo8RQL9i0 Scores: http://www. musicaneo. com/sheetmusic/sm-4310_sunless_without_sun. html (^yes, I bought it†¦)